BoP Labbeta

BoP Lab / Classes / FF

FF vs FV vs FB pace at every track

Lap times across years say as much about the weather as the class. % of FF is each class's best lap as a share of FF's on the same day, so the conditions drop out: 100% is level, less is quicker, and a move in it is the class getting faster or slower against the field.

Class · click a class to switch, + to compare alongside (up to 4)
AS+B-Spec+EP+FA+vsFB×FC+FE2+FF×FP+vsFV×FX+GT1+GT2+GTX+HP+P+P2+SM+SMX+SRF3+STL+STU+T1+T2+T3+T4+Show 50 inactive classes
Series
Reference · what % is measured against
Tracks · untick to narrow

Closest to the field: FF 100.0% of FF Rick Payne, Daytona International Speedway Runoffs 2015 race · FV 98.4% of FF Zachary Whitston, Virginia International Raceway Runoffs 2019 race · FB 87.2% of FF J R Osborne, Sonoma Raceway Runoffs 2018 qualifying

1:201:402:002:202:409 rule changes between Runoffs 2018 and Runoffs 20199 ▾10 rule changes between Runoffs 2019 and Runoffs 202010 ▾3 rule changes between Runoffs 2020 and Runoffs 20213 ▾4 rule changes between Runoffs 2021 and Runoffs 20224 ▾1 rule change between Runoffs 2022 and Runoffs 20231 ▾4 rule changes between Runoffs 2023 and Runoffs 20244 ▾4 rule changes between Runoffs 2024 and Runoffs 20254 ▾2 rule changes between Runoffs 2025 and Runoffs 20262 ▾FF race best at Runoffs 2015: 2:03.383 (Rick Payne)FF race best at Runoffs 2016: 1:30.133 (Neil Verhagen)FF race best at Runoffs 2017: 1:44.524 (Jonathon Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2018: 1:42.049 (Jonathon Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2019: 2:20.474 (Jonathan Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2020: 2:24.268 (Jeffrey Bartz)FF race best at Runoffs 2021: 1:55.676 (Jonathan Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2022: 2:18.358 (Jonathan Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2023: 2:00.583 (Jonathan Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2024: 2:22.057 (Sebastian Mateo Naranjo)FF race best at Runoffs 2025: 2:25.541 (Calvin Kautz)FF race best at Runoffs 2026: 2:23.686 (Nathan Down)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2015: 2:02.489 (Tim Kautz)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2016: 1:29.213 (Neil Verhagen)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2017: 1:44.601 (Zach Holden)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2018: 1:41.612 (Jonathon Kotyk)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2019: 1:59.563 (Tyler O'Connor)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2020: 2:22.916 (Simon Sikes)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2021: 1:44.359 (Jonathan Kotyk)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2022: 1:59.215 (Jonathan Kotyk)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2023: 1:59.249 (Nolan Allaer)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2024: 2:22.552 (Calvin Kautz)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2025: 2:24.905 (Jonathan Kotyk)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2026: 2:23.047 (David Ybarra)FV race best at Runoffs 2015: 2:21.142 (Andrew Whitston)FV race best at Runoffs 2016: 1:38.066 (Flinn Lazier)FV race best at Runoffs 2017: 1:55.923 (Michael Varacins)FV race best at Runoffs 2018: 1:53.639 (Alex Scaler)FV race best at Runoffs 2019: 2:18.289 (Zachary Whitston)FV race best at Runoffs 2020: 2:45.816 (Alex Scaler)FV race best at Runoffs 2021: 1:57.234 (Alex Scaler)FV race best at Runoffs 2022: 2:18.093 (Andrew Whitston)FV race best at Runoffs 2023: 2:16.611 (Andrew Abbott)FV race best at Runoffs 2024: 2:44.834 (Andrew Abbott)FV race best at Runoffs 2025: 2:46.736 (Zachary Whitston)FV race best at Runoffs 2026: 2:45.272 (Brian Farnham)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2015: 2:21.167 (Roger Siebenaler)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2016: 1:37.942 (Alex Scaler)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2017: 1:55.759 (Michael Varacins)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2018: 1:52.637 (Skip Streets)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2019: 2:15.712 (Andrew Whitston)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2020: 2:43.994 (Hunter Phelps-Barron)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2021: 1:57.479 (Andrew Whitston)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2022: 2:15.116 (Brian Farnham)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2023: 2:15.639 (Andrew Whitston)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2024: 2:42.643 (Andrew Whitston)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2025: 2:44.101 (Andrew Abbott)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2026: 2:46.536 (Zachary Whitston)FB race best at Runoffs 2015: 1:51.616 (J R Osborne)FB race best at Runoffs 2016: 1:21.015 (Jeremy Hill)FB race best at Runoffs 2017: 1:33.702 (Alex Mayer)FB race best at Runoffs 2018: 1:31.189 (J R Osborne)FB race best at Runoffs 2019: 1:57.688 (Pete Frost)FB qualifying best at Runoffs 2015: 1:50.711 (J R Osborne)FB qualifying best at Runoffs 2016: 1:19.886 (Alex Mayer)FB qualifying best at Runoffs 2017: 1:33.746 (Gary Hickman)FB qualifying best at Runoffs 2018: 1:28.612 (J R Osborne)FB qualifying best at Runoffs 2019: 1:54.469 (Pete Frost)Daytona International Speedway · Runoffs 2015R2015Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course · Runoffs 2016R2016Indianapolis Motor Speedway · Runoffs 2017R2017Sonoma Raceway · Runoffs 2018R2018Virginia International Raceway · Runoffs 2019R2019Road America · Runoffs 2020R2020Indianapolis Motor Speedway · Runoffs 2021R2021Virginia International Raceway · Runoffs 2022R2022Virginia International Raceway · Runoffs 2023R2023Road America · Runoffs 2024R2024Road America · Runoffs 2025R2025Road America · Runoffs 2026R2026
FFFVFBsolid race · dashed qualifying · slower is lower
90%100%110%9 rule changes between Runoffs 2018 and Runoffs 20199 ▾10 rule changes between Runoffs 2019 and Runoffs 202010 ▾3 rule changes between Runoffs 2020 and Runoffs 20213 ▾4 rule changes between Runoffs 2021 and Runoffs 20224 ▾1 rule change between Runoffs 2022 and Runoffs 20231 ▾4 rule changes between Runoffs 2023 and Runoffs 20244 ▾4 rule changes between Runoffs 2024 and Runoffs 20254 ▾2 rule changes between Runoffs 2025 and Runoffs 20262 ▾FF race best at Runoffs 2015: 100.0% of FF's (Rick Payne)FF race best at Runoffs 2016: 100.0% of FF's (Neil Verhagen)FF race best at Runoffs 2017: 100.0% of FF's (Jonathon Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2018: 100.0% of FF's (Jonathon Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2019: 100.0% of FF's (Jonathan Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2020: 100.0% of FF's (Jeffrey Bartz)FF race best at Runoffs 2021: 100.0% of FF's (Jonathan Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2022: 100.0% of FF's (Jonathan Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2023: 100.0% of FF's (Jonathan Kotyk)FF race best at Runoffs 2024: 100.0% of FF's (Sebastian Mateo Naranjo)FF race best at Runoffs 2025: 100.0% of FF's (Calvin Kautz)FF race best at Runoffs 2026: 100.0% of FF's (Nathan Down)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2015: 100.0% of FF's (Tim Kautz)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2016: 100.0% of FF's (Neil Verhagen)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2017: 100.0% of FF's (Zach Holden)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2018: 100.0% of FF's (Jonathon Kotyk)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2019: 100.0% of FF's (Tyler O'Connor)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2020: 100.0% of FF's (Simon Sikes)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2021: 100.0% of FF's (Jonathan Kotyk)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2022: 100.0% of FF's (Jonathan Kotyk)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2023: 100.0% of FF's (Nolan Allaer)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2024: 100.0% of FF's (Calvin Kautz)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2025: 100.0% of FF's (Jonathan Kotyk)FF qualifying best at Runoffs 2026: 100.0% of FF's (David Ybarra)FV race best at Runoffs 2015: 114.4% of FF's (Andrew Whitston)FV race best at Runoffs 2016: 108.8% of FF's (Flinn Lazier)FV race best at Runoffs 2017: 110.9% of FF's (Michael Varacins)FV race best at Runoffs 2018: 111.4% of FF's (Alex Scaler)FV race best at Runoffs 2019: 98.4% of FF's (Zachary Whitston)FV race best at Runoffs 2020: 114.9% of FF's (Alex Scaler)FV race best at Runoffs 2021: 101.3% of FF's (Alex Scaler)FV race best at Runoffs 2022: 99.8% of FF's (Andrew Whitston)FV race best at Runoffs 2023: 113.3% of FF's (Andrew Abbott)FV race best at Runoffs 2024: 116.0% of FF's (Andrew Abbott)FV race best at Runoffs 2025: 114.6% of FF's (Zachary Whitston)FV race best at Runoffs 2026: 115.0% of FF's (Brian Farnham)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2015: 115.2% of FF's (Roger Siebenaler)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2016: 109.8% of FF's (Alex Scaler)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2017: 110.7% of FF's (Michael Varacins)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2018: 110.9% of FF's (Skip Streets)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2019: 113.5% of FF's (Andrew Whitston)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2020: 114.7% of FF's (Hunter Phelps-Barron)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2021: 112.6% of FF's (Andrew Whitston)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2022: 113.3% of FF's (Brian Farnham)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2023: 113.7% of FF's (Andrew Whitston)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2024: 114.1% of FF's (Andrew Whitston)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2025: 113.2% of FF's (Andrew Abbott)FV qualifying best at Runoffs 2026: 116.4% of FF's (Zachary Whitston)FB race best at Runoffs 2015: 90.5% of FF's (J R Osborne)FB race best at Runoffs 2016: 89.9% of FF's (Jeremy Hill)FB race best at Runoffs 2017: 89.6% of FF's (Alex Mayer)FB race best at Runoffs 2018: 89.4% of FF's (J R Osborne)Off the chart: FB race best at Runoffs 2019: 83.8% of FF's (Pete Frost)FB qualifying best at Runoffs 2015: 90.4% of FF's (J R Osborne)FB qualifying best at Runoffs 2016: 89.5% of FF's (Alex Mayer)FB qualifying best at Runoffs 2017: 89.6% of FF's (Gary Hickman)FB qualifying best at Runoffs 2018: 87.2% of FF's (J R Osborne)FB qualifying best at Runoffs 2019: 95.7% of FF's (Pete Frost)Daytona International Speedway · Runoffs 2015R2015Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course · Runoffs 2016R2016Indianapolis Motor Speedway · Runoffs 2017R2017Sonoma Raceway · Runoffs 2018R2018Virginia International Raceway · Runoffs 2019R2019Road America · Runoffs 2020R2020Indianapolis Motor Speedway · Runoffs 2021R2021Virginia International Raceway · Runoffs 2022R2022Virginia International Raceway · Runoffs 2023R2023Road America · Runoffs 2024R2024Road America · Runoffs 2025R2025Road America · Runoffs 2026R2026
FFFVFBsolid race · dashed qualifying · each class's best lap as a share of FF's at the same event (the reference class, changeable above); 100% is level, less is quicker, so up the chart is quicker
EventFFFVFB
Qual best Race best Trap Qual best Race best Trap vs FF % of FF Qual best Race best Trap vs FF % of FF 
Road America Runoffs 20262026-09-282:23.047David Ybarra · fastest of 20 · top 5 within 1.4s-1.858s (-1.28%)2:23.686Nathan Down · fastest of 20 · top 5 within 1.6s-1.855s (-1.27%)138.9Tazio Stefanelli+0.5 mph (+0.3%)2:46.536Zachary Whitston · fastest of 37 · top 5 within 1.7s+2.435s (+1.48%)2:45.272Brian Farnham · fastest of 34 · top 5 within 1.3s-1.464s (-0.88%)117.4Rick Shields+0.2 mph (+0.1%)+21.586squal +23.489s115.0%qual 116.4%
2 rule changes (FF: 2)1 engine · 1 tyres & wheelsshowhide
  • FF Clarification in FF Kent 1600 Compression Ratio Paragraph #40293engine
  • FF Formula F Alternative Tire Rule Proposed Clarifications #39281tyres & wheels
Road America Runoffs 20252025-09-292:24.905Jonathan Kotyk · fastest of 17 · top 5 within 1.1s+2.353s (+1.65%)2:25.541Calvin Kautz · fastest of 16 · top 5 within 0.5s+3.484s (+2.45%)138.4Tazio Stefanelli-2.3 mph (-1.6%)2:44.101Andrew Abbott · fastest of 34 · top 5 within 1.3s+1.458s (+0.90%)2:46.736Zachary Whitston · fastest of 29 · top 5 within 0.6s+1.902s (+1.15%)117.2Zachary Whitston+0.7 mph (+0.6%)+21.195squal +19.196s114.6%qual 113.2%
4 rule changes (FF: 4)2 tyres & wheels · 2 weightshowhide
  • FF Page 228, FF tire rule 9.1.1.10.e #38251tyres & wheels
  • FF Formula F Proposal to Invite Older Cars Via a Tire Rule Change #37802tyres & wheels
  • FF Change FF/FC Weight with Sequential Gearbox #36651weight
  • FF Alternative Oversize Honda Fit Pistons #37064weight
Road America Runoffs 20242024-10-012:22.552Calvin Kautz · fastest of 13 · top 5 within 1.1s-0.364s (-0.25%)2:22.057Sebastian Mateo Naranjo · fastest of 13 · top 5 within 0.6s-2.211s (-1.53%)140.7Calvin Kautz+2.6 mph (+1.9%)2:42.643Andrew Whitston · fastest of 27 · top 5 within 2.3s-1.351s (-0.82%)2:44.834Andrew Abbott · fastest of 27 · top 5 within 0.9s-0.982s (-0.59%)116.5Brian Farnham-0.7 mph (-0.6%)+22.777squal +20.091s116.0%qual 114.1%
4 rule changes (FF: 2, FV: 2)1 engine · 1 suspension & brakes · 1 tyres & wheels · 1 othershowhide
  • FF Update to FF EGR Blanking Plate Rule #36633engine
  • FV Disc Brakes #36822suspension & brakes
  • FF Honda Fit Oversize Piston Rings #35305other
  • FV FV Wheel Bearing Clarification #35150tyres & wheels
Virginia International Raceway Runoffs 20232023-09-231:59.249Nolan Allaer · fastest of 8 · top 5 within 2.8s+0.034s (+0.03%)2:00.583Jonathan Kotyk · fastest of 8 · top 5 within 0.4s-17.775s (-12.85%)138.4Calvin Kautz+0.1 mph (+0.1%)2:15.639Andrew Whitston · fastest of 27 · top 5 within 1.4s+0.523s (+0.39%)2:16.611Andrew Abbott · fastest of 23 · top 5 within 1.6s-1.482s (-1.07%)115.6Brian Farnham-0.2 mph (-0.2%)+16.028squal +16.390s113.3%qual 113.7%
1 rule change (FF: 1)1 engineshowhide
  • FF Add Fast Forward Part Numbers for Honda Fit Engine #33752engine
Virginia International Raceway Runoffs 20222022-09-241:59.215Jonathan Kotyk · fastest of 13 · top 5 within 1.2s-0.348s (-0.29%)2:18.358Jonathan Kotyk · fastest of 12 · top 5 within 2.4s-2.116s (-1.51%)138.3Tim Kautz+2.2 mph (+1.6%)2:15.116Brian Farnham · fastest of 29 · top 5 within 1.1s-0.596s (-0.44%)2:18.093Andrew Whitston · fastest of 28 · top 5 within 1.2s-0.196s (-0.14%)115.8Jonathan Weisheit+1.1 mph (+0.9%)-0.265squal +15.901s99.8%qual 113.3%
4 rule changes (FV: 4)4 weightshowhide
  • FV Connecting Rod Update Request for 9.1.1.C Formula Vee (FV) 5.C.6 #32160weight
  • FV E&O clarification of connecting rod center-to-center length #32183weight
  • FV Update direct replacement connecting rod information #31843weight
  • FV Formula V Connecting Rod Replacement #31448weight
Indianapolis Motor Speedway Runoffs 20212021-09-251:44.359Jonathan Kotyk · fastest of 24 · top 5 within 1.1s-0.242s (-0.23%)1:55.676Jonathan Kotyk · fastest of 23 · top 5 within 1.8s+11.152s (+10.67%)141.6Nicholas Sheppard1:57.479Andrew Whitston · fastest of 48 · top 5 within 0.8s+1.720s (+1.49%)1:57.234Alex Scaler · fastest of 47 · top 5 within 1.0s+1.311s (+1.13%)124.0Mark Edwards+1.558squal +13.120s101.3%qual 112.6%
3 rule changes (FF: 3)2 engine · 1 wordingshowhide
  • FF Kent crankshaft clarification #30426wording
  • FF Allow Optional Coolant Bleed Line to Correct a Known Problem #29673engine
  • FF Clarification regarding Honda LC1 ECU implementation date #29684engine
Road America Runoffs 20202020-10-022:22.916Simon Sikes · fastest of 14 · top 5 within 1.6s2:24.268Jeffrey Bartz · fastest of 14 · top 5 within 0.4s138.1Jeffrey Bartz2:43.994Hunter Phelps-Barron · fastest of 28 · top 5 within 0.6s2:45.816Alex Scaler · fastest of 24 · top 5 within 1.5s117.1Hunter Phelps-Barron+21.548squal +21.078s114.9%qual 114.7%
10 rule changes (FF: 4, FV: 6)7 tyres & wheels · 3 engineshowhide
  • FF Clarification regarding Honda LC1 ECU implementation #29135engine
  • FV Support for Recommended Item - 4 bolt wheels in FV #29084tyres & wheels
  • FV Support for 4-bolt pattern wheels #28955 #29118tyres & wheels
  • FF E&O FF Kent Engine alternator language #28204engine
  • FF Honda Racing HPD low cost ECU proposal #27563engine
  • FF Update rain tire designation #28443tyres & wheels
  • FV Update rain tire designation #28444tyres & wheels
  • FV FV Allow non-spec tire in Regional competition #26284tyres & wheels
  • FV Request to Allow Rear Tires on the Front of Formula Vee #26537tyres & wheels
  • FV Clarification on Wheel Bolt Pattern #27603tyres & wheels
Virginia International Raceway Runoffs 20192019-10-051:59.563Tyler O'Connor · fastest of 14 · top 5 within 1.4s2:20.474Jonathan Kotyk · fastest of 14 · top 5 within 6.3s136.2Derek Ketchie2:15.712Andrew Whitston · fastest of 26 · top 5 within 1.5s2:18.289Zachary Whitston · fastest of 19 · top 5 within 0.4s114.8Roger Siebenaler-2.185squal +16.149s98.4%qual 113.5%1:54.469Pete Frost · only car1:57.688Pete Frost · only car145.9Pete Frost-22.786squal -5.094s83.8%qual 95.7%
9 rule changes (FF: 3, FV: 6)2 engine · 2 induction · 1 suspension & brakes · 1 tyres & wheels · 3 othershowhide
  • FV Allowed Modifications E&O #27398other
  • FV E&O Wheels #27230tyres & wheels
  • FV Exhaust termination rule E&O #26702other
  • FV E&O Dimensions #26674other
  • FV Request to clarify Disc Brake rules bearing retainer & weights #26262suspension & brakes
  • FF Request for Oversize Honda Fit Pistons #25810engine
  • FF Heat Shield - Fit Intake #26102induction
  • FF Request catch cans/tanks clarification #26158engine
  • FV FV Intake Manifold Clarification #26008induction
Sonoma Raceway Runoffs 20182018-10-101:41.612Jonathon Kotyk · fastest of 22 · top 5 within 1.7s1:42.049Jonathon Kotyk · fastest of 22 · top 5 within 1.3s115.7Denny Renfrow1:52.637Skip Streets · fastest of 29 · top 5 within 1.6s1:53.639Alex Scaler · fastest of 28 · top 5 within 0.4s106.3Skip Streets+11.590squal +11.025s111.4%qual 110.9%1:28.612J R Osborne · fastest of 7 · top 5 within 3.3s1:31.189J R Osborne · fastest of 7 · top 5 within 3.7s140.5J R Osborne-10.860squal -13.000s89.4%qual 87.2%
No rule changes on record between these events
Indianapolis Motor Speedway Runoffs 20172017-09-251:44.601Zach Holden · fastest of 36 · top 5 within 1.2s1:44.524Jonathon Kotyk · fastest of 36 · top 5 within 0.5s1:55.759Michael Varacins · fastest of 39 · top 5 within 1.0s1:55.923Michael Varacins · fastest of 32 · top 5 within 1.3s+11.399squal +11.158s110.9%qual 110.7%1:33.746Gary Hickman · fastest of 18 · top 5 within 3.3s1:33.702Alex Mayer · fastest of 17 · top 5 within 3.0s-10.822squal -10.855s89.6%qual 89.6%
No rule changes on record between these events
Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course Runoffs 20162016-09-191:29.213Neil Verhagen · fastest of 14 · top 5 within 2.1s1:30.133Neil Verhagen · fastest of 14 · top 5 within 1.4s1:37.942Alex Scaler · fastest of 41 · top 5 within 0.3s1:38.066Flinn Lazier · fastest of 38 · top 5 within 0.7s+7.933squal +8.729s108.8%qual 109.8%1:19.886Alex Mayer · fastest of 10 · top 5 within 1.5s1:21.015Jeremy Hill · fastest of 10 · top 5 within 1.2s-9.118squal -9.327s89.9%qual 89.5%
No rule changes on record between these events
Daytona International Speedway Runoffs 20152015-09-212:02.489Tim Kautz · fastest of 25 · top 5 within 1.1s2:03.383Rick Payne · fastest of 22 · top 5 within 0.8s2:21.167Roger Siebenaler · fastest of 31 · top 5 within 0.8s2:21.142Andrew Whitston · fastest of 30 · top 5 within 1.1s+17.759squal +18.678s114.4%qual 115.2%1:50.711J R Osborne · fastest of 20 · top 5 within 1.1s1:51.616J R Osborne · fastest of 19 · top 5 within 2.1s-11.767squal -11.778s90.5%qual 90.4%

By track

TrackEvents Typical % of FF Best Latest 
Road America4100.0%100.0%Runoffs 2020100.0%Runoffs 2026
Virginia International Raceway3100.0%100.0%Runoffs 2019100.0%Runoffs 2023
Indianapolis Motor Speedway2100.0%100.0%Runoffs 2017100.0%Runoffs 2021
Daytona International Speedway1100.0%100.0%Runoffs 2015100.0%Runoffs 2015
Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course1100.0%100.0%Runoffs 2016100.0%Runoffs 2016
Sonoma Raceway1100.0%100.0%Runoffs 2018100.0%Runoffs 2018
About this data
Every event the class ran, at any track, oldest to newest on the chart and newest first in the table. Each point is the class's best lap as a share of FF's best on the same day: the weather and the day cancel out, so one figure compares across years where lap times cannot; a class that suits one track more than another still reads differently there. It still moves when the yardstick's own balance changes or its field thins, and an event the yardstick did not run has no point. A best from fewer than three cars is greyed. The rule changes that took effect between two events are folded between their rows.